{"id":1428,"date":"2026-06-07T17:49:31","date_gmt":"2026-06-07T09:49:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/?p=1428"},"modified":"2026-06-07T17:50:05","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T09:50:05","slug":"spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.respiratorytherapyzone.com\/author\/johnnylung\/\">Respiratory Therapy Zone<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.respiratorytherapyzone.com\/category\/test-bank\/pulmonary-function-testing\/\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 (PFT) \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623.<br><br>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 (PFT) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 (PFT). \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646&nbsp;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 (\u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631 L \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0631 ml).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (TLC)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (VC)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0632\u0641\u064e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b (FVC) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a (RV)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c L). \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (FRC)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 RV \u0648ERV (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631 L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>6. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642\u064a (IRV)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631 L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>7. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a (ERV)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631 L).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>8. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a (L) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a (ml)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0647 (BTPS)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (VC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>9. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>10. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 150 \u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>11. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u061f<\/strong><br>FVC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>12. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 FVC\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>13. \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 FVC\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>14. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0644\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 = \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646) \u2013 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>15. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0651\u0633 \u0628\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 FEV1 \u0648FVC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>16. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0640 FEV1 \u0648FVC \u0647\u0648 100% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 80-120% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>17. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>18. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>19. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>20. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 TLC \u0648RV\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>21. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 FEV1\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>22. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FVC &gt; 80% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648(80% \u0625\u0644\u0649 120% \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a)\u061b \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC \u2265 0.75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>23. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0632\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>24. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064f\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>25. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 FEV1 \u0648FVC \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 100% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC &lt;0.75 \u2014 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>26. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 RV\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 RV \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u2013 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 TLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>27. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FVC \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>28. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 FEV1 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FEV1 &lt;100% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>29. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 FVC \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FVC \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>30. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC &lt; 0.75 (\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629) (\u0645\u0647\u0645).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>31. \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>32. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 &#8220;\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631&#8221; \/ \u0645\u0642\u0639\u0651\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>33. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>34. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>35. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 FEV1 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FEV1 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636-\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>36. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 FVC \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>FVC \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b (&lt;80%). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 VC \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>37. \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 FEV1\/FVC \u2265 0.75 (\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>38. \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>39. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629). \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0632\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u2013 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b) \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>40. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>41. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>42. \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp\/paragraph -->\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>43. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 500 \u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>44. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a (ERV)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 1000-1200 \u0645\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>45. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 1200 \u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b 1100 \u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>46. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642\u064a (IRV)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u064a. IRV \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 3300 \u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1900 \u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>47. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629. IC = TV + IRV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>48. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (FRC)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629. FRC = ERV + RV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>49. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. VC = ERV + TV + IRV. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 4800 \u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b 3400 \u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>50. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646. TLC = VC + RV. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 = 6000 \u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u06484500 \u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>51. \u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 12 \u0625\u0644\u0649 18 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 18-20 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>52. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628&nbsp;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>53. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>54. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (FRC) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0651\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>55. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b FRC \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>56. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 FVC \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>57. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0632\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 FVC (\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649). \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 75-85% \u0645\u0646 FVC \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>58. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 (pH)\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a Hb \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>59. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643-\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f 7.4 \u00b10.02.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>60. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 PCO2\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 H+ \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627.<strong>61. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 PCO2\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 H+ \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>62. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>63. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>64. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f. \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a FEV1 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 12% \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>65. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u061b 3 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c&nbsp;\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 6 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d. FVC \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 200 \u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>66. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>67. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/strong><br>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>68. \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 FVC\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>69. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0640 FEV1\/FVC\u061f<\/strong><br>\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>70. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u061f<\/strong><br>\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645-\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631. \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0639\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<br><br><em>https:\/\/www.respiratorytherapyzone.com\/<\/em><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\r\n<title>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\r\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\r\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2abcb24f5a9a9643d4e6223673c07dc2\"},\"headline\":\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\"},\"wordCount\":121,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\",\"name\":\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/education\\\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\",\"description\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo11.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo11.webp\",\"width\":1006,\"height\":212,\"caption\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2abcb24f5a9a9643d4e6223673c07dc2\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/mdgroup.local\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.meditech.com.eg\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\r\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","description":"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","og_description":"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633","og_url":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html","og_site_name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","article_published_time":"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00","author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#\/schema\/person\/2abcb24f5a9a9643d4e6223673c07dc2"},"headline":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f","datePublished":"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html"},"wordCount":121,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#organization"},"articleSection":["\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html","url":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html","name":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-06-07T09:49:31+00:00","dateModified":"2026-06-07T09:50:05+00:00","description":"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/education\/spirometry-testing-what-is-a-spirometer.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u061f"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","description":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#organization","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646","url":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/cropped-logo11.webp","contentUrl":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/cropped-logo11.webp","width":1006,"height":212,"caption":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0643 | \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 | \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/#\/schema\/person\/2abcb24f5a9a9643d4e6223673c07dc2","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8be293d8e61ef7f4b8de9546f3621ce52e568b23320bca95c535286588722d25?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/mdgroup.local"],"url":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1428"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1447,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1428\/revisions\/1447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.meditech.com.eg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}